Green House Gas effect
The greenhouse effect is a natural mechanism that has a significant impact on the Earth’s climate. Human actions, particularly the usage of fossil fuels, have aided in the development of the natural greenhouse effect. This enhanced greenhouse effect is caused by a rise in the quantities of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Climate change is caused by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide, Sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and fluorinated gases are the principal greenhouse gases produced into the atmosphere by human activity . But the growing consumption of fossils fuel has lead to increase in global warming and climate change. Whole world is trying hard to reduce unwarranted consequences of climate change like floods, rising sea level has made island country vulnerable, increase in frequency of heat waves and other extreme weather events.
Rising Emission
Two years ago on 31st Oct 2021, The 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP26) was held in Glasgow, Where various country set their own Net Zero Target. Following the pressure from world to fifth largest economy and third largest emitter of carbon dioxide( Fourth largest if we count European Union as one country), India made commitment to achieve Net Zero by 2070. But it is not going to easy for the country heavily dependent on fossils fuel for its energy requirement. According to the “Global Carbon Budget
report” , India now accounts for around 7% of today’s global emissions, trailing China (31%), and the United States (14%). According to figures given by the United Nations Environment Programme, India has exceptionally low per-capita emissions of 2.4 tCO2e (tonne carbon dioxide equivalent), which are much below the global average of 6.3 tCO2e in 2020. The road sector comprising passenger and freight transport, dominates transport emissions, accounting for more than 92% of total transport emissions. It also adds greatly to India’s air pollution problem. Road transport emissions are increasing faster than in any other sector and are projected to provide a substantial barrier to decarbonizing India’s energy industry. In 2021, India’s CO2 emissions from transportation were 286 metric tones compared to as low as 43 metric tones in 1973.